% Use this file as a template for your beamer slides.
%

\documentclass{beamer}

\usepackage{beamerthemesplit}
\setbeamertemplate{items}[ball]

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{url}


\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}
\newtheorem{cor}{Corollary}
\newtheorem{lem}{Lemma}
\newtheorem{prop}{Proposition}
\theoremstyle{definition}
\newtheorem{defn}{Definition}

\title{GVSU 2009 Summer REU - \LaTeX~Seminar}
\author{June 15, 2009}
\date{}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{frame}
\frametitle{What is \LaTeX~?}
\LaTeX~is
\begin{itemize}
\item a typesetting system developed by Leslie Lamport based on Donland E. Knuth's \TeX~typesetting language.
\end{itemize}

\LaTeX~is not
\begin{itemize}
 \item a what--you--see--is--what--you--get word processor (like MS Word).
\end{itemize}
A \LaTeX~ file is created using a text editor (for example, WinEdt), then compiled into a fully formatted document by the \LaTeX program. All formatting is inserted directly into the text in the form of commands, very similar to directly editing an HTML document and inserting the HTML code.
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
\frametitle{LaTex Features...}
\LaTeX contains features for:
\begin{itemize}
\item Typesetting journal articles, technical reports, books, and slide
  presentations.
\item Control over large documents containing sectioning,
 cross-references, tables and figures.
\item Typesetting of complex mathematical formulas.
\item Automatic generation of references/bibliographies.
\item Inclusion of artwork and graphical images.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Installation ...}
\begin{itemize}
\item Download \LaTeX~from the internet. The windows version that is currently used by most people is called ``MikTex'' and is available for FREE from:  \url{http://www.miktex.org}.
\item Next we need a nice editor. Currently the most popular is ``WinEdt'', which is a shareware, i.e almost free.(the student version is \$30 and the academic rate is \$40.) It is available from: \url{http://www.winedt.com}.
\end{itemize}

Both MikTeX and WinEdt are installed in your Desktop computers.
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Learning \LaTeX\ ...}
Learning \LaTeX -- learn by doing, use templates and example
files.
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Creating Basic  \LaTeX\ Document ...}
All we need to do is type the following using WinEdt into a file.
\begin{verbatim}
\documentclass{article}

\begin{document}
your text goes here...
\end{document}
\end{verbatim}
What does each line mean?
\begin{itemize}
\item \verb!\documentclass{article}! -- tells \LaTeX~ to use the standard \emph{article} formatting. Other classes: \emph{book}, \emph{letter}, \emph{report} ...
\item \verb!\begin{document}! -- tells \LaTeX~ the beginning of the document, and that most of the document formatting commands have been stated. Other declarations such as such as margins and other packages to be included are entered between this line and \verb!\documentclass! command.
\item \verb!\end{document}!-- tells \LaTeX~ that this is the end of the document.
\end{itemize}

\end{frame}


\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Compiling Basic  \LaTeX\ Document ...}
\begin{itemize}
\item To see what the document look like, we  need to  compile it. (It is always a good practice to compile twice)
\item To compile click on the ``\LaTeX'' symbol in WinEdt.
\item If the compilation is successful, \LaTeX outputs \verb!.dvi! file.
\item To see the \verb!.dvi! file  click on the ``dvi'' symbol in WinEdt.
\item To create a \verb!pdf! file click on the ``dvi$\rightarrow$\textcolor{red}{pdf}'' symbol.
\end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Comments in \LaTeX ...}

 To insert a comment into the file that will not be compiled into the main document, insert a \% at the beginning of the line. For example:
  \begin{verbatim}
   %Remember to insert the figure in here.
\end{verbatim}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Special Characters in \LaTeX ...}


To get your quotation marks to appear pretty, use \verb!``! and \verb!''! instead of \verb!"! and \verb!"!. There are some characters that \LaTeX~ considers commands, so if you want them in your document, you need to type them in a special way. If you want any of these characters to occur in you printout:
   \begin{verbatim}
   &   $   #   %   _   {   }
\end{verbatim}
You will need to type:
\begin{verbatim}
   \&  \$  \#  \%  \_  \{  \}
\end{verbatim}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Title, Author, date ... in \LaTeX}
 Title, Author, date, etc., are specified as in the following example:

\begin{verbatim}
\documentclass{article}

\author{Jon Doe}
\title{A Brief Introduction to \LaTeX\ }
\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

......

\end{document}
\end{verbatim}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Title, Author, date...}
\begin{itemize}
\item The \verb!\maketitle! instruction which causes the title, author, etc to be printed, goes after \verb!\begin{document}!
\item The command \verb!\today! instructs \LaTeX to use today's date. You can, of course, specify a date explicitly by saying something like \verb!\date{June 14, 2009}!.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Sectioning in \LaTeX}

Titles of sections, subsections, etc., are specified by using commands like the following in the body of the document (i.e., between \verb!\begin{document}! and \verb!\end{document}!).
\begin{verbatim}
\section{Section 1 Title goes here}

\subsection{Subsection 1 title goes here}

\subsection{Subsection 2 title goes here}

....

\section{Section n title goes here}

\section{Conclusion}
\end{verbatim}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Sectioning in \LaTeX}

Note: \LaTeX automatically numbers the sections. The numbering can be prevented by using ``asterisk'' versions of the sectioning commands: \verb!\section*{...}!, \verb!\subsection*{...}!, etc.
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Typesetting mathematical expressions ..}
The \$ before and after an expression tell \LaTeX to go into ``math mode'', but to stay on the same line. Use the \$ method to insert an equation or variable into a line of text.
\begin{itemize}
\item  An exponent can be displayed using the \verb!^! and maybe some $\{\}$:  $c^2$ or $e^{-3i}$ can be typeset with the code \verb!$c^2$ or $e^{-3i}$!.
\item A subscript can be entered using the $\_$ and maybe some $\{\}$: the code \verb!$x_1$ or $x_{i+j}$! yields $x_1$ or $x_{i+j}$.
\item To display an equation centered on a separate line, enclose it by a pair of brackets (\verb!\[! and \verb!\]!)
 For example:
 \begin{verbatim}
\[
c^2 = a^2 + b^2
\]
\end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Typesetting mathematical expressions ...}
\begin{itemize}
\item If you'd like to number an equation, use the equation mode:

\begin{verbatim}
\begin{equation} \label{eq:pytha}
c^2 = a^2 + b^2
\end{equation}
\end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}
To reference this equation later, use the \verb+\ref+ command:
\begin{verbatim}
From equation (\ref{eq:pytha}) we see that . . .
\end{verbatim}
Note: To see the equation reference number displayed correctly, you will need to compile the document TWICE.
\end{frame}


\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Typesetting mathematical expressions ...}
\begin{itemize}
\item Fractions and Binomial Coefficients are typeset as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\frac{x}{y}$ is typeset with \verb!$\frac{x}{y}$!
\item $\binom{x}{y}$ is typeset with \verb!$\binom{x}{y}$! or \verb!${{x} \choose {y}}$!
\end{itemize}
\item Sums and Integrals are typeset as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item The symbol for sum is \verb!\sum!. For example, to display the identity: $\displaystyle \sum_{k = 1}^{n} k = \frac{n(n + 1)}{2}$, one can use:
\begin{verbatim}
\[
\sum_{k = 1}^{n} k = \frac{n(n + 1)}{2}
\]
\end{verbatim}
\item The symbol for single integral is \verb!\int!. To get $\int_{0}^{1}f(x)\,dx$, one can use \verb!$\int_{0}^{1}f(x)\,dx$!
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Typesetting mathematical expressions ...}
Limits Example:
\begin{itemize}
\item  $\displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0} f(x) = f(0)$ is typeset with \verb!$\displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0} f(x) = f(0)$!
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}


\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Definitions and Theorems}

\LaTeX~has environments for displaying definitions and theorems. For example, the \LaTeX codes:
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{defn}\label{def:ab-int}
An integer $n$ is said to be \emph{Aboufadelian}
if $n^2 + 3n - 10 = 0$.
\end{defn}
\end{verbatim}
and
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{thm}\label{thm:ab-int}
 There are exactly two Aboufadelian integers.
\end{thm}
\end{verbatim}
generate the following.

\begin{defn}\label{def:ab-int} An integer $n$ is said to be \emph{Aboufadelian} if $n^2 + 3n - 10 = 0$. \end{defn}

\begin{thm}\label{thm:ab-int} There are exactly two Aboufadelian integers. \end{thm}

\end{frame}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Definitions and Theorems}
\begin{itemize}
\item Note that the environments \verb!defn! and \verb!thm! are user defined in the preamble using the \verb!\newtheorem! command.
\item The commands \verb!\label{def:ab-int}! and  \verb!\label{thm:ab-int}! assign labels to the definition and the theorem, respectively. These labels are used to refer the definition and the theorem in the document.
\item To refer labeled definitions and theorems we use the \verb!\ref! command. For more detail explanation read the sections ``Definitions and Theorems'', and ``Referencing'' in the handout.
\end{itemize}

\end{frame}


\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Importing graphics}
\begin{itemize}
\item First we need to include the command \verb!\usepackage{graphicx}! in the preamble of our \LaTeX source document.
\item We can import graphics having the following formats:
 encapsulated postscript (\verb!.eps!), bitmap (\verb!.bmp!), or JPEG (\verb!.jpg!.
\item DVI documents like bitmaps and \verb!.eps! files, while PDF
documents like \verb!.eps! and JPEG files.
\item We use \verb!\includegraphics! command to include graphics. For example, the code:
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width = 4 in, height = 2 in]{c:/images/rabbits2}
\end{center}
\end{verbatim}
produces the following figure:
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}


\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Importing graphics}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width = .8\textwidth]{c:/images/rabbits.png}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize}
\item Since  \verb!eps! images work best both in DVI and PDF files, it is recommended to convert bitmap and JPEG images to eps format

\item you can do the conversion for free at

\url{http://www.online-utility.org/image_converter.jsp}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
\frametitle{Overhead Slides using \LaTeX Beamer}

\begin{itemize}
\item Beamer is a \LaTeX~ class that can be used to make nice overhead slides with all of the
features you know and love from your normal \LaTeX~ documents. 
\item A beamer document consists of a sequence of overhead slides, known as \emph{frames}. 
\item To process a beamer source file you need to click the symbol \textcolor{red}{PDF}\LaTeX\ in WinEdt.
\item  As with
learning \LaTeX, the best way to learn Beamer  is to simply play
with some examples. The following examples help you learn and master the basics of beamer. (The files are listed in the order of complexity)
\begin{enumerate}
\item \verb!slidesTemplate.tex! -- A template that shows simple \emph{beamer}  slides structure.
\item \verb!simpleslides.tex! -- A sample file that illustrates how
to make some simple overhead slides using the \emph{beamer}  class.
\item \verb!latextalk.tex! -- a \LaTeX\ source file of this  \LaTeX~ tutorial presentation.
\end{enumerate}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}



\end{document}


